Dr. M.R. KhanDepartment of EntomologyBidhan agricultural Chandra Krishi Viswavidyalaya, Kalyani, Nadia-741235, West Bengal, IndiaEmail: the nematode parasite of mrkhanbckv@rediffmail.comIntroductionPlant, the hidden enemy of crops is one of many groups of organism that depend on plants for their survival. The nematode can damage almost all kinds of crops, however, due to their habit sotteranea, microscopic format (a length of 0.3 – 10 mm), are invisible to the naked eye. Penetrano and feed on the roots of growing plants, rubante nutrients vital for development of plant roots and exponent the attack by other pathogens land. Widely recognized was that the nematode pests of plants constitute a group of the most devastating pests and are responsible for the insidious symptoms of disease in different crops causing huge losses. The losses estimated annual yield in key crops of € ™ s of the worldâ due nematodes pests of plants is about 12.3% and is about 14% in developing nations (& Sasser; Freckman, 1987). In India, recent estimates showed that the nematode is responsible for both quantity and quality performance losses amounting Rs.240 about one billion each year (& Sehgal; Gaur 1999). At the side of direct damage, nematodes pests of plants serviscono by agents of predisposition for developing the complex disease with fungi, bacteria and viruses. In many situations, plant varieties resistant to fungi, bacteria are made subject once parassitate by nematodes. There is no doubt that the nematodes alone or in combination with other pathogens are a major constraint to food production in the world. The extensive and intensive cultivation of crops especially in the production system of irrigated crop has seriously aggravated the problems of nematode in various crops. The hidden nature of nematode causing damage sight of farmers, scientists and non-specific symptoms of disease in parts of the ground above crops are perhaps why so little main attention was paid to parasite hidden crop . The administration of nematode pests of plants with high doses of use of DD, EDB, etc. DBCP. was found promise, however, has not received much popularity. In addition, all effective chemicals were introverted from the world market due to their harmful effects on the environment. Subsequently, efforts were made to look for more new chemicals among the group of non-fumigants but were missing came to realize the effective control such as fumigants. Indeed, the nematodes are comparatively resistant animals require high doses of insecticide that has properties nematicidal. The farmers still depend on the limited number of insecticides only because of non-availability of nematicides align and effective. With the increasing concern on the environment, the various alternative methods of pest control gradicono cultural, physical and methods of biological control and botanicals are provandi to reduce the damage of nematode of crops. However, the judicious use of chemical nematicides could be applied to protect many crops. The integration of various practices available is one of the methods for the current problems in the parasite load of crops. The cultural practices are known from time immemorial as a strategy of multiple pest-control. The biopesticides of botany also have been proved as an effective alternative of nematicides (Mishra, 2002). Consequently, the current options for the administration of nematode are cultural practices, physical methods, suppression of biointensive nematode, botanicals and reasonable use of chemical nematicides. Considering the importance of nematodes in the integrated management system of the parasite, the following summer low of technological protection of input aranti namely, the sunburst of soil, organic manuring, crop rotation, recording the date of sowing, resistant varieties growing, administration of irrigation, fertilization optimal treatment hot, cleans the crop, green manuring, inter / mixed cultivation, judicious use of pesticides, methods of integrating two or more of these (& Gaur; Khan, 1995) could be adopted for the parasitic insect borne diseases, including nematodes in the production system of the harvest. The nature of the nematode parasite problemsPlant of nematode can be detrimental to growth and development of the second harvest population density and host predisposition. Generally, feed on host tissues with the help of their stylet protrusible causing injuries and had to plant nutrition and secretion changing the host tissue cells in nutrients as specialized cells Multinucleated giant cells, or the sincizio for Food permanent insurance. Some other nematodes induce the formation of scorticatura on roots, on the sheet and the seed of € ™ s of the plantâ. While feed on plant tissues, developments injury as a result of the death of cells and sbiadimenti thereafter. The plants are attacate easily infected by the various soil pathogens such as bacteria, fungi and develop a syndrome complex diseases disease. The etiology of those diseases caused by organisms in question is difficult to determine. Several nematodes serviscono from carrier virus plant. So the nematode works like pathogen of the plant, preparing the agent and the carrier virus plant. The nematodes pests of plants are known to interfere with the activity of bacteria fixing nitrogen in favour of rizobio collected leguminosi. In this review, only the problems parasites plant nematode economically important crops in India and of their options are briefly discussed: 1. The nematodes of Root-knot nematodes root node (Meloidogyne species) (Meloidogyne species) are global threat to crop production (Sasser, 1980). It has a very wide distribution and causes serious damage to crops especially vegetables. Losses medium performance in the world are believed to be about 5% and could be more in the developing nations of tropical and subtropical (& Taylor; Sasser, 1978). Taking into account the importance of universal nematodes root-knot, an international project Meloidogyne (IMP) was operated (1975-1984) with its fourth head of state at the University of North Carolina, USA and its centres of cooperation was in many developing nations of the tropics and subtropics. The more than 97 species known worldwide for nematode, root-knot were registered and only 14 species known Meloidogyne are registered in India. Four species of nematodes that is the crux of Meloidogyne root indicates lucknowica, M., triticooryzae of M. and piperi of M. have been described from India. The various insect-pests, diseases and weeds are inflicting damage crops of vegetables. nematodes, Root-knot (Meloidogyne species) are one of the constraints potential for cultivation of vegetables especially in the developing nations of the tropics and subtropics. Number of the port of crops of vegetables the great nematodes pests of plants but the nematode, root-knot is a danneggiante. It concerns directly and indirectly collected from interaction with fungi, bacteria and viruses borne varied terrain. The most predominant species of nematodes, root-knot are Meloidogyne incognita, M. javanica of the sandstone of M. and hapla of M. All species of nematodes, root-knot produce a symptom of root knotted ~ characteristic of the orâ € ™ of the â € of the scorticatura root of ~ â € of which could be easily recognized dall'occhio naked. There is just across the harvest of vegetables that is not attacked by nematodes of root-knot. As a result, was widely regarded as limiting factor for cultivation of vegetables. The lack of awareness among farmers about the problems of nematode and non-availability of suitable package of practices of the technical assistants for the control of nematodes node of the root are the main obstacle for the protection of crops of vegetables from the root nematodes – node. The chemical method of the nematode is undoubtedly effective but high doses of nematicides required for nematodes charge are neither economic nor in safe environmental conditions. The nematode infection of root-knot produces symptoms characteristic of the disease on the underground root system known as the People of € ™ gallâ the root of ~ â €, or € ™ of the rootsâ knotted ~ of the â € . The formats are different scortica induced according to their host and species of nematode involved. On cucurbitacee, the nematode induces great scortica, while in red chillies small size scortica is produced. The infection of M. hapla scortica usually produces small compared to M. unknown and javanica of M. The format of scortica also differs with the level of infection as in the case of infection or heavy large multiple scortica or secondary scortica develops. In addition to scorticatura, biforcarsi of taproot in carrot and the tubercle on potato tubers are also noted. Above ground symptoms is not specific in nature. The plants infected exhibit symptoms of lack mineral general ingiallendo, stop, appassente during the hottest part of the day, chlorosis, scatter premature sheets and vision difficult plant with consequent low yield. The nematodes are also involved in the interaction with other fungi, bacteria and viruses and serious damage incurred due to land crops. The interaction of nematodes of root-knot is known in many vegetables, fiber, in pulses and cultures of plantation. However, the most common problem is the distribution of resistance to disease and dry plants healthy. The interaction more common nematode node with the root of Ralstonia solanacearum (= Pseudomonas) is causing the € of the wiltâ of pseduomonas of œ of the â € in tomato, eggplant and potatoes. The nematodes of optionsRoot-node of the nematode are polyphagous in kind, with high reproductive potential and have purchased the single facility survival strategy through doing their eggs in the table protective jelly. The administration of the nematode, root-knot is not easy operation with the system of intensive cultivation. Consequently, the idea of conservation of the nematode population below the level of economic damage by adopting different tactics available is recommended to growers. The young semenzali tender of various crops are very vulnerable from the attack nematode while the older plants have a certain degree of tolerance. Taking into account the suitability of € ™ s of farmerâ, hygienic practices following growing crops of vegetables have been suggested for nematodes in charge of root-knot: Cultural Practice